Legionnaires’ disease in New York: what is it and how does it spread? (Source theguardian.com)
Legionnaires disease has killed seven people in New York City and made dozens of others sick, with health officials warning that it is likely doctors will diagnose more cases of Legionnaires’ disease in the Bronx in the coming days. But what is Legionnaires’ disease, and how concerned should New Yorkers, or visitors to the city, be about the disease? Legionnaires’ disease is a severe form of pneumonia, an infection that causes air sacs in the lungs to become inflamed and fill with liquid, making it difficult for the lungs to transport oxygen to the blood and around the body. This inflammation causes the disease’s symptoms, such as shortness of breath, cough, high fever and others such as muscle and headaches. In some people, primarily those who are already immunocompromised, the disease can cause death. Legionnaires’ disease is caused by a bacteria called legionella that grows in warm water, usually between 77 and 108F. Most commonly it is found in hot tubs, hot water tanks, decorative fountains and large plumbing systems. People become sick when they inhale water vapor containing the bacteria, usually two to 14 days after exposure. Legionnaires’ disease is treated with a course of antibiotics lasting around three weeks. People who have a severe form of the illness could be forced to stay in the hospital for an extended period of time. Anywhere from 5% to 30% of people infected with the disease could die as a result, according to the Centers for Disease Control.